Dr. Natchimuthuk Gopalswamy
LEP, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
 

Over the past two decades, Dr. Nat Gopalswamy has been engaged in solving problems in solar and solar terrestrial physics using data from various large radio telescopes and space missions, particularly coronal mass ejections. He has considerable expertise in the analysis of multi-wavelength data (X-ray, EUV, optical and radio). In the recent years, he has been extensively involved in the analysis of Yohkoh, SOHO, Wind and ACE data in conjunction with radio and optical images obtained by ground based instruments. 

 

Notable achievements: 

·Established the Center for Solar Physics and Space Weather at the Catholic University of America to train students and Post-doctoral fellows in the physics of Sun-Earth connections. 

·Created a "Coordinated Data Analysis (CDAW) DataCenter and an online catalog of more than 7000 CMEs, available on-line for the scientific community. 

·Conducted a CDAW workshops in 1999 followed by an international conference in 2000, which resulted in the publication of more than two dozen scientific papers in the Geophysical Research Letters (May 2000) and Journal of Geophysical Research (October 2001). 

 

Some of the notable discoveries, in which Dr. Gopalswamy was a lead-author:

·First detection of radio CME (1992)

·the transient microwave brightenings (1995) 

·three-part CME using non-coronagraphic observations (1996)

·Effective interplanetary acceleration (2000)

·Colliding CMEs (2001). 

 

Dr. Gopalswamy is a member of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), the American Astronomical Society and the American Geophysical Union; is a member of the Organizing committee of the IAU Commission 10 for 1997-2003; is a member of the steering committee and meeting coordinator of the Solar Heliospheric and Interplanetary Environment (SHINE) group; is an Associate Editor of JGR Space Physics

Dr. Gopalswamy received his PhD (1982) from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore and post-doctoral training at the University of MarylandCollege Park (1985). He was an Associate Research Scientist in the Astronomy Department until 1997. He became a Research Professor at Catholic U. from 1997 and  moved to GSFC in 2002 as an Astrophysicist.

Papers in Refereed Journals


113. Recent Advances in the Long-Wavelength Radio Physics of the Sun,   N. Gopalswamy,  Planetary and Space Science, in press, 2004.

112. Intensity Variation of  Large Solar Energetic Particle Events Associated with Coronal Mass Ejections, N.  Gopalswamy,, S. Yashiro, G. Stenborg, R. A. Howard,  J.  Geophys. Res., in press, 2004.

111.  An empirical model to  predict the 1-AU arrival of interplanetary shocks, N. Gopalswamy,  A. Lara, P. K. Manoharan, and R. A. Howard,  Adv. Space Res., in press,  2004.

110. Influence of coronal mass ejection interaction on propagation of interplanetary shocks, P. K.  Manoharan, N. Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro, A. Lara, G. Michalek, and R. A. Howard, J. Geophys. Res., Volume 109, Issue A6, CiteID A06109,  2004.

109. Arrival time of halo coronal mass ejections in the vicinity of the Earth, G. Michalek,  N. Gopalswamy, A. Lara, and P. K. Manoharan, Astron. Astrophy.,  423, 729-736, 2004.

108.  Kinematics of coronal mass  ejections between 2 and 30 solar radii: What can be learned about forces  governing the eruption? Vrsnak, B., D. Ruzdjak, D. Sudar, and N. Gopalswamy, Astron. Astrophys., 423, p.729-736, 2004.

107.  A Catalog of White Light Coronal Mass Ejections Observed  by the SOHO Spacecraft, S. Yashiro, N. Gopalswamy, G. Michalek, O. C. St.Cyr, S. P. Plunkett, N. B.  Rich, and R. A. Howard, Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, A07105,  doi:10.1029/2003JA010282, 2004.

106. Variability of Solar Eruptions during cycle 23, N. Gopalswamy, S. Nunes,  S. Yashiro, and R. A. Howard, Adv. Space Res., 34, Issue 2,  391, 2004

105. On Coronal Streamer Changes, N. Gopalswamy, M. Shimojo, W. Lu, S. Yashiro, K. Shibasaki, and R. A. Howard, Adv. Space Res.,  33, Issue 5,  676,  2004.

104. Comment on ``Coronal mass  ejections, interplanetary ejecta and geomagnetic storms'' by H. V. Cane, I. G.
Richardson, and O. C. St. Cyr,  N. Gopalswamy,  P. K. Manoharan, and S. Yashiro, Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 30, Issue 24,
pp. SSC 1-1, CiteID 2232, DOI 10.1029/2003GL017562, 2003.


103. Coronal Mass ejection and particle acceleration during the 2001 April 14-15 events, N. Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro, M. L. Kaiser, and R. A. Howard, Adv. Space Res., 32, Issue 12, 2613, 2003 

102. Properties of Narrow Coronal Mass Ejections Observed with LASCO, S. Yashiro, N. Gopalswamy, G. Michalek, and R. A. Howard, Adv. Space Res.,  32, Issue 12,  2631, 2003.

101. Solar and geospace connections of energetic particle events, N. Gopalswamy, Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 30, Issue 12, pp. SEP 1-1, CiteID 8013, DOI 10.1029/2003GL017277,  2003

100. Large solar energetic particle events of cycle 23: A global view, N. Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro, A. Lara, M. L. Kaiser, B. J. Thompson, P. Gallagher, Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 30, Issue 12, pp. SEP 3-1, CiteID 8015, DOI 10.1029/2002GL016435, 2003

99. "Prominence Eruptions and Coronal Mass Ejection: A Statistical Study using Microwave Observations," N. Gopalswamy, M. Shimojo, W. Lu, S. Yashiro, K. Shibasaki, and R. A. Howard, Astrophys. J., 586, 562,  2003.

98. "A New Method for Estimating Widths, Velocities, and Source Location of Halo CMEs," G. Michalek, N. Gopalswamy, and S. Yashiro, Astrophys. J., 584, 472,  2003

97. A statistical study of CMEs associated with metric type II burst, A. Lara, N. Gopalswamy, S. Nunes, G. Muñoz, S. Yashiro, Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 30, Issue 12, pp. SEP 4-1, CiteID 8016, DOI 10.1029/2002GL016481, 2003

96. "Coronal Mass Ejections: Initiation and Detection," N. Gopalswamy,  Adv. Space Res., 31, No. 4, 869, 2003

95. A numerical study on the acceleration and transit time of coronal mass ejections in the interplanetary medium, J. A. Gonzalez-Esparza, A. Lara, Pérez-Tijerina, E., A. Santillán,and N. Gopalswamy,  J. of Geophys. Res.,  108, SSH 9-1, CiteID 1039, DOI 10.1029/2001JA009186, 2002

94. A Statistical Study of Two Classes of Coronal Mass Ejections, Y.-J. Moon,  G. S. Choe,H. Wang, Y. D. Park, N. Gopalswamy, G. Yang, and S. Yashiro, ApJ,  581, 594, 2002.

93. Measurements of Three-dimensional Coronal Magnetic Fields from Coordinated Extreme-Ultraviolet and Radio Observations of a Solar Active Region Sunspot, J. Brosius, E. Landi, J. Cook, J. Newmark, N. Gopalswamy, A. Lara, ApJ, 574, 453, 2002.

92. "Influence of the aerodynamic drag on the motion of interplanetary ejecta", B. Vrsnak and N. Gopalswamy, Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 107, SSH 2-1, CiteID 1019, DOI 10.1029/2001JA000120, 2002

91. "Interacting Coronal Mass Ejections and Solar Energetic Particles," N.  Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro,  G. Michalek,  M. L. Kaiser, R. A. Howard, D. V. Reames,  R. Leske, T. von Rosenvinge,  ApJL, 572, L103,  2002. 

90. "Motion of an Eruptive Prominence in the Solar Corona",  B. P. Filippov, N. Gopalswamy, and A. V. Lozhechkin,  Astron. Reports, 46,  417, 2002

89. "Interplanetary radio emission due to interaction between two coronal mass ejections," N. Gopalswamy, Seiji Yashiro, Michael L. Kaiser, Russell A. Howard, and J.-L. Bougeret,  Geophysical Research Letters, 29(8), 10.1029/2001GL013606, 2002

88. "Statistical analysis of coronal shock dynamics implied by radio and white-light observations," Reiner, M. J. ; Kaiser, M. L. ; Gopalswamy, N. ; Aurass, H. ; Mann, G. ; Vourlidas, A. ; Maksimovic, M., JGR, 106,  25,279, 2001. 

87.  "Introduction to special section:  Global picture of solar eruptive events," N. Gopalswamy,  JGR, 106, 25,135, 2001. 

86. "Characteristics of coronal mass ejections associated with long wavelength type II radio bursts," N. Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro, M. L. Kaiser, R. A. Howard, and J.-L. Bougeret ,  JGR, 29,219, 2001. 

85. "Predicting the 1-AU Arrival Times of Coronal Mass Ejections,"  N. Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro, M. L. Kaiser, R. A. Howard, and J.-L. Bougeret, JGR,  106, 29207,  2001. 

84.  "Band-splitting of coronal and interplanetary type II bursts: I. Basic properties," B. Vrsnak,  H. Aurass, N. Gopalswamy,  J. Magdelenic, Astron. Astrophys., 377, 321,  2001. 

83. "A Multiwavelength Study of solar coronal-hole regions showing radio enhancements," T. Moran, N. Gopalswamy, I. E. Dammasch, and K. Wilhelm, Astron. Astrophys.,  378, 1037, 2001. 

82.  "Nonradial motion of eruptive filaments," Filippov, B. P.,  Gopalswamy, N. and  Lozhechkin, A. V.,   Solar Phys., 203, 119, 2001. 

81.  "Solar Eruptions and Long-wavelength Radio Bursts: The 1997 May 12 Event, N.  Gopalswamy, and  M. L. Kaiser,  Adv. Space Res., 29, no. 3, 307, 2002. 

80. "Radio signatures of CME interaction: CME Cannibalism?" N.  Gopalswamy,  S. Yashiro,  M. L. Kaiser, R. A. Howard and and J.-L. Bougeret, ApJL, 548, L91, 2001. 

79. "Coronal Dimming, white Light CME and coronal shock wave", N. Gopalswamy, O.  C. St. Cyr, and M. L. Kaiser, Solar Phys., 243, 149, 2001. 

78. "Near-Sun and Near-Earth Manifestations of Solar Eruptive Events", N.  Gopalswamy, A. Lara, M. L. Kaiser and J.-L. Bougeret, JGR, 106, 25,261, 2001. 

77. "Soft X-Ray and Gyroresonance Emission above Sunspots," A. Nindos, M. R. Kundu, S. M. White, K. Shibasaki and N. Gopalswamy, ApJS, 130, 485, 2000. 

76. "The ALFA Medium ExplorerMission," Jones, D. L.; Allen, R. J.; Basart, J.  P.; Bastian, T.; Blume, W. H.; Bougeret, J.-L.; Dennison, B. K.; Desch, M. D.;  Dwarakanath, K. S.; Erickson, W. C.; Farrell, W.; Finley, D. G.; Gopalswamy, N.;  Howard, R. E.; Kaiser, M. L.; Kassim, N. E.; Kuiper, T. B. H.; MacDowall, R. J.;  Mahoney, M. J.; Perley, R. A.; Preston, R. A.; Reiner, M. J.; Rodriguez, P.;  Stone, R. G.; Unwin, S. C.; Weiler, K. W.; Woan, G.; Woo, R., Adv. Space Res.,  26, issue 4, 743, 2000. 

75. "Microwave Enhancement in Coronal Holes: Statistical Properties", N.  Gopalswamy, K. Shibasaki, and M. Salem, J. Astrophys. Astr.,  21, 413, 2000. 

74. "Observations of the September 24, 1997 Coronal Flare Waves", B. J.  Thompson, B. Reynolds, H. Aurass, N. Gopalswamy, J. B. Gurman, H. S. Hudson,  Solar Phys.,  193,  161, 2000. 

73. "Structure of  a large low-latitude coronal hole," B. J. I. Bromage, D.  Alexander,  A. Breen, J.R. Clegg, G. Del Zanna, C. DeForest, D. Dobrzycka, N.  Gopalswamy, B. Thompson, P. K. Browning, Solar Phys.,  193, 181 , 2000. 

72. "Early Life of Coronal Mass ejection,"  N. Gopalswamy and B. J. Thompson,  JASTP,  62, 1457,  2000. 

71. "Structure and Dynamics of the Corona surrounding Eruptive Prominences," N.  Gopalswamy,  Y. Hanaoka and H. S. Hudson, Adv. Space Res, 25 (9), 1851, 2000. 

70. "Radial Evolution and Turbulence Characteristics of a Coronal Mass  Ejection", P.K. Manoharan, M. Kojima, N. Gopalswamy, T. Kondo, and Z. Smith,  ApJ, 530, 1061, 2000. 

69. "Photospheric Magnetic Field Changes During Coronal Mass Ejections", A.  Lara,  N. Gopalswamy and C. E. DeForest, GRL, 27, 1435, 2000. 

68. "SOHO and radio Observations of a CME shock wave", J. Raymond, B. J.  Thompson, O. C. St Cyr, N. Gopalswamy, S. W. Kahler, M. L. Kaiser, A. Lara, A.  Ciaravell, M. Romoli, R. O'Neal, GRL, 27, 1439, 2000. 

67. "Radio-rich Solar Eruptive events",  N. Gopalswamy,  M. L. Kaiser, B. J.  Thompson, L. Burlaga, A. Szabo, A. Lara, and A. Vourlidas,  GRL, 27, 1427, 2000. 

66. "Interplanetary Acceleration of Coronal Mass Ejections",  N.  Gopalswamy, A.  Lara, R. P. Lepping, M. L. Kaiser, D. Berdichevsky, O. C. St Cyr, GRL, 27, 145,  2000. 

65. "X-ray and radio manifestations of a solar eruptive event,"  N. Gopalswamy,  N. Nitta, P. K. Manoharan, A. Raoult and M. Pick, Astron. Astrophys., 347, 684,  1999. 

64. "Microwave enhancement and variability in the Elephant's Trunk coronal hole: Comparison with SOHO observations ", N. Gopalswamy, K. Shibasaki, B. J. Thompson, J. B. Gurman, and C. DeForest, JGR, 104, 9767, 1999 

63. Reply to Comment by E. W. Cliver on "Origin of coronal and interplanetary shocks: A new look with Wind spacecraft data" by N. Gopalswamy, M. L. Kaiser, R. P. Lepping, D. Berdichevsky, K. Ogilvie, S. W. Kahler, T. Kondo, T. Isobe, and M. Akioka, JGR, 104, 4749, 1999 

62. "Synoptic Sun during the first Whole Sun Month Campaign: August 10 to September 8, 1996",D. Biesecker, B. J. Thompson, S. E. Gibson, D. Alexander, A. Fludra, N. Gopalswamy, J. T. Hoeksema, A. Lecinski, L. Strachan, JGR, 104,  9679, 1999 

61. "Type II radio emissions in the frequency range from 1 to 14 MHz associated with the April 7, 1997, solar event", M. L. Kaiser, M. J. reiner, N. Gopalswamy, R. A. Howard, O. C. St Cyr, B. J. Thompson, and J.-L. Bougeret, GRL, 25, 2501, 1998 

60. "Coronal Dimming Associated with a Giant Prominence Eruption", N. Gopalswamy and Y. Hanaoka, ApJL, 498, L179, 1998 

59. "On the relationship between coronal mass ejections and magnetic clouds", N. Gopalswamy, Y. Hanaoka, T. Kosugi, R. P. Lepping, J. T. Steinberg, S. P. Plunkett, R. A. Howard, B. J.  Thompson, J. B. Gurman, N. Nitta and H. S. Hudson, GRL, 25, 2485, 1998. 

58. "The solar origin of the January 1997 coronal mass ejection, magnetic cloud, and geomagnetic storm', D. F. Webb, E. W. Cliver, N. Gopalswamy, H. S. Hudson, and O. C. St Cyr, GRL, 25, 2469, 1998. 

57. "Spatial Structure of Solar Coronal Magnetic Loops Revealed by Transient Microwave Brightenings", J. Zhang, N. Gopalswamy, Mr. R. Kundu, E. J. Schmahl, and J. R. Lemen, Solar  Phys., 180, 285, 1998. 

56. "Microwave and X-ray Study of Solar Active Region Evolution" , A. Lara, N. Gopalswamy, M. R. Kundu, R. Perez-Enriquez, H. Koshiishi and S. Enome, Solar Phys., 178, 353, 1998 

55. " Origin of Coronal and Interplanetary Shocks: A New Look with WIND Spacecraft Data", N. Gopalswamy,  M. L. Kaiser, R. P. Lepping, S. W. Kahler, M. R. Kundu, K. Ogilvie, D. Berdichevski, T. Kondo, T. Isobe and  M. Akioka, JGR,  103, 307, 1998 

54.  N. Gopalswamy, Mr. R. Kundu, J. Zhang and E. J. Schmahl and J. R. Lemen, "Time Structure in Transient Microwave Brightenings: Evidence for Nonthermal Radio Emission", ApJL, 491, L115, 1997. 

53. "X-ray and Radio Studies of a Coronal Eruption: Shock Wave, Plasmoid and Coronal Mass Ejection", N. Gopalswamy, M. R. Kundu, P. K. Manoharan, A. Raoult,  N. Nitta, and P. Zarka, ApJ, 486, 1036, 1997. 

52. "Signatures of Coronal Currents in Microwave Images",  J. Lee, S. M. White, N. Gopalswamy, and M. R. Kundu, Solar Phys. 174, 175, 1997 

51. " Observation and Model calculations of Sunspot Ring structure at 8.46 GHz",  N. Gopalswamy, J.-P. Raulin, M. R. Kundu, J. Hildebrandt, A. Kruger and A. Hofmann, Astron. Astrophys., 316, L25, 1996. 

50.  "Radio and X-ray Studies of a CME Associated with a Slow Prominence Eruption" N. Gopalswamy,  Y. Hanaoka, M. R. Kundu, S. Enome, J. R. Lemen, M. Akioka and A. Lara,  Astrophys. J., 475, 348, 1997. 

49. "Yohkoh/SXT Observations of a Coronal Mass Ejection Near the Solar Surface", N. Gopalswamy, M. R. Kundu, Y. Hanaoka, S. Enome and J. R. Lemen, New Astronomy, 1, 207, 1996. 

48. "Detection of Large Scale Structure and  Plasma Flow during a Bright Point Flare" N. Gopalswamy, M. R. Kundu, Y. Hanaoka, S. Enome, and J. R. Lemen, Astrophys. J. (Letts), 457, L117, 1996. 

47. "VLA and Yohkoh Observations of an M1.5 Flare", N. Gopalswamy, J.-P. Raulin, M. R. Kundu, N. Nitta, J. R. Lemen, R. Herrmann, D. Zarro, and T. Kosugi, Astrophys. J., 455, 715, 1995 

46. "Surprises in Radio Signatures of CMEs", N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu, (ed) A. O. Benz and A. Kruger, Lecture Notes in Physics, Springer, Berlin, p. 223, 1995. 

45. "Polarization Features of Solar Radio Emission and Possible Existence of Current Sheets in Active Regions" N. Gopalswamy, V. V.  Zheleznyakov, S. M. White and M. R. Kundu, Solar Phys. 155, 301, 1994. 

44. "Transient Microwave Brightenings in Solar Active Regions: Comparison Between VLA and Yohkoh Observations", N. Gopalswamy, T. E. W. Payne, E. J. Schmahl, M. R. Kundu, J. R. Lemen, K. T. Strong, R. C. Canfield and J. de La Beaujardiere, Astrophys. J. 437, 522, 1994. 

43. "Three Dimensional Coronal Structures using Clark Lake Observations",  E. J. Schmahl, N. Gopalswamy, and M. R. Kundu, Solar Phys. 150, 324, 1994. 

42. "Millimeter, Microwave, Hard X-ray and Soft X-ray Observations of Energetic Electron Populations in Solar Flares", M. R. Kundu, S. M. White,. N.  Gopalswamy, and J. Lim, Astrophys. J. supplement series, 90,  599, 1994. 

41. "Non-radial Magnetic Field Structures in the Solar Corona", N. Gopalswamy, M. R. Kundu, A. Rault and M. Pick, Solar Phys., 150, 317, 1994. 

40. "Solar Simple Bursts Observed with High Spectral Resolution in the range of 18--23 GHz", H. S. Sawant, R. R. Rosa, J. R. Cecatto and N. Gopalswamy, Astrophys. J. supplement series, 90, 693, 1994. 

39. "Nonthermal Radio Emission Associated with a Coronal Disconnection Event ", N. Gopalswamy, M. R. Kundu and O. C. St. Cyr, Astrophys. J. Lett., 424, L135, 1994. 

38.  "Interferometric Observations of Solar Flares at 3 mm wavelength", M. R. Kundu, S. M. White,. N. Gopalswamy, and J. Lim, Adv. Space Res. 13, 293, 1993. 

37.  "Simultaneous Observations of Solar Plage with SERTS, the VLA and the Kitt Peak Magnetograph", J. W. Brosius, J. M. Davila, W. T. Thompson, R. J. Thomas, G. D. Holman, N. Gopalswamy, S. M. White, M. R. Kundu and H. P. Jones, Astrophys. J. 411, 410, 1993. 

36. "Structure of Fast Coronal Mass Ejections from Radio Observations", N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu, Adv. Space Res. 13, 9 (75), 1993. 

35. "A New Investigation of Microbursts at Meter - Decameter Wavelengths", K. R. Subramanian, N. Gopalswamy and Ch. V. Sastry,  Solar Phys. 143, 301, 1993. 

34. "Thermal and Nonthermal Radio Emissions during a Coronal Mass Ejection", N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu, Solar Phys.  143, 327, 1993. 

33. "Plasma Emission from Isotropic Langmuir Turbulence: Are Microbursts Structureless ?", N. Gopalswamy, Astrophys. J. 402, 326, 1993. 

32. "Estimation of the Mass of a CME from Radio Observations", N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu, Astrophys. J. Lett. 390, L37, 1992. 

31. "HighDynamicRange Multifrequency Observations of a Solar Active Region", S.M. White, M.R. Kundu and N. Gopalswamy, Astrophys. J. supplement series, 78, 599, 1992. 

30. "The Observation of an Unusually Fast Type IV Plasmoid" N. Gopalswamy and M.R. Kundu, Astrophys. J. Lett. 365, L31, 1990. 

29. "Strong Magnetic Fields and Inhomogeneity in the Solar Corona", S.M. White, M.R. Kundu and N. Gopalswamy, Astrophys. J. Lett. 366, L43, 1990. 

28. "The Large Scale Features of the Sun at 20 cm Wavelength", N. Gopalswamy, S.M.  White and M.R. Kundu, Astrophys. J. 379, 366, 1991. 

27. "CoMStOC I: Simultaneous Microwave and Soft X-ray Observations of Active Regions at the Solar Limb", N. Nitta, S.M. White, M. R. Kundu, N. Gopalswamy, G. D. Hollman, J.W. Brosius, J.T. Schmelz, J.L.R. Saba and K.T. Strong, Astrophys. J. 374, 374, 1991. 

25.  "Filament Eruption and Storm Radiation at Meter-decameter Wavelengths", M. R. Kundu and N. Gopalswamy, Solar Phys, 129, 133, 1990. 

24.  "Multiple Moving Magnetic Structures in the Solar Corona", N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu, Solar Phys. 128,  377, 1990. 

23.  "Microbursts at Meter-decameter Wavelengths", G. Thejappa, N. Gopalswamy and M.R. Kundu, Solar Phys. 127,165, 1989. 

22.  "A Note on the Emission Mechanism of Storm Radiation", N. Gopalswamy, Solar Phys. 126, 367, 1989. 

21.  "The Radio Signatures of a Slow Coronal Mass Ejection: Electron Acceleration at Slow-mode Shocks ?", M. Kundu, N. Gopalswamy, S. White, P. Cargill,  E. Schmahl, and E. Hildner, Astrophys. J.,  347, 505, 1989. 

20.  "Three Dimensional Structure of Coronal Streamers, Holes and CME Plasmoids from Multifrequency Imaging Observations", M.R. Kundu, E.J. Schmahl, N. Gopalswamy and S.M. White, Advances in Space Res. 9, (4) 41, 1989. 

19.  "Radioheliograph and White Light Coronagraph Studies of a Coronal Mass     Ejection Event", N. Gopalswamy and M.R. Kundu, Solar Phys. 122, 145, 1989.

18.  "A Slowly Moving Plasmoid Associated with a Filament Eruption", N. Gopalswamy and M.R. Kundu, Solar Phys. 122,  91, 1989. 

17.  "A Study of Solar Preflare Activity Using Two-dimensional Radio and SMM XRP Observations", M.R. Kundu, N. Gopalswamy, J.L.R. Saba and J.T. Schmelz, Solar Phys. 114,  273, 1987. 

16.  "Simultaneous Radio and White Light Observations of the 1984 June 27 Coronal Mass Ejection Event", N. Gopalswamy and M.R. Kundu, Solar Phys. 114,  347, 1987. 

15.  "Correlated Type III Burst Emission from Distant Sources on the Sun", M.R. Kundu and N. Gopalswamy,  Solar Phys., 112, 133,  1987. 

14.  "Imaging Observations of the Evolution of Meter-Decameter Burst Emission During a Major Flare", N. Gopalswamy and M.R. Kundu, Solar Phys., 111, 347, 1987. 

13.  "Fine Structures in Solar Microwave Flares", N. Gopalswamy, Solar Phys., 110, 329, 1987. 

12.  "Propagation of Electrons Emitting Weak Type III Bursts in Coronal Streamers", N. Gopalswamy M.R. Kundu and A. Szabo, Solar Phys., 108,  333, 1987. 

11.  "Type I Solar Radio Bursts", N. Gopalswamy, Kodiakanal Obs. Bull., 6,  77, 1986. 

10.  "Estimation of Coronal Magnetic Fields Using type I Solar Radio Emission", N. Gopalswamy, G. Thejappa, Ch.V. Sastry and A. Tlamicha, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czech. 37, 115, 1986. 

9.   "A Theory of Jovian Shadow Bursts", N. Gopalswamy, Earth, Moon and Planets, 35,  93, 1986. 

8.   "Ion Sound Turbulence Due to Shock Gradients in Collisionless Plasma", N. Gopalswamy and G. Thejappa, Pramana, 25, 575, 1985. 

7.   "Observations of the Fine Structure in Solar Decametric Radio Emission",  Kodaikanal Obs. Bull. 4,  47, 1984. 

6.   "Observations and Interpretations of Solar Decametric Absorption Bursts", N. Gopalswamy, G. Thejappa and Ch.V. Sastry, J. Astrophys. Astron. 4, 215, 1983. 

5.   "Low Frequency Surface Waves in the Presence of an External High Frequency Electric Field", N. Gopalswamy and S. Krishan, Pramana 20, 223, 1983. 

4.   "Surface Instability of a Current Carrying Plasma Under theInfluence of a  High Frequency Electric Field", N. Gopalswamy and S. Krishan, Pramana 18, 473, 1982. 

3.   "Surface Explosive Instabilities for High Frequency Waves",  N. Gopalswamy,      R. N . Ray, M. V.  Atre and S. Krishan, Plasma Phys. 24, 319, 1982. 

2.   "Surface Waves in the Presence of External High Frequency Fields", N.  Gopalswamy and S. Krishan, Plasma Phys. 24, 1277, 1982. 

1.   "Inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption of Two Electromagnetic Beams in a  Magnetic Plasma", N. Gopalswamy and V. Krishan, Astrophys. Space Sci. 73,179, 1980.

Papers in Edited Books

1.   "Inverse Bremsstrahlung Absorption of Multi-Laser Beams in a Magnetic   Plasma", N. Gopalswamy and V. Krishan, in the Proc. of DAE Symposium on Quantum Electronics, Poona,  Jan. 1981, p. 215. 

2.   "'Soliton Holes' in a Plasma Subjected to an External High Frequency Field", N. Gopalswamy and S. Krishan, in Proc. of Int. Conf. on Plasma Physics, Lausanne, Switzerland, Vol. I, 1984, p. 49. 

3.   "Fine Structure in Solar Decametric Radiation", N. Gopalswamy, G. Thejappa and Ch.V. Sastry, in "Non-linear and Turbulent Processes", Gordon and Breach, New York, 1984, p. 547. 

4.   "An Interpretation of Decametric 'Absorption' Bursts", in "Solar Terrestrial  Physics", Proc. of Second Indo-US Workshop on Solar Terrestrial Physics,  New Delhi, 1984, (ed. M. R. Kundu et al), 1986, p. 197. 

5.   "'Soliton Holes' of Langmuir Waves in the Presence of Oscillating Electric Fields", N. Gopalswamy and S. Krishan, in "Solitons and Non-Linear  Systems", 1986 (ed. D. K. Sinha and P. Ghose), South Asian Publ. New  Delhi, p. 73. 

6.  "Some Interesting Features in Drift Pair Phenomena of Solar Decametric  Radiation", G. Thejappa, N. Gopalswamy, Ch.V. Sastry and M.G. Aubier, in  "Plasma Astrophysics", Proceedings of the Varenna-Abastumani meeting on  Plasma Astrophysics, USSR, (ed. Z. D. Guyenne), ESA Publications, p. 121, 1986.

7.  "Recent Results of Meter-Decameter Wave Observations of Solar Physics", N. Gopalswamy, and M. R. Kundu, in Solar and Stellar Flares I.A.U.  Colloquium No. 104.: Poster Papers, eds. B. M. Haisch and M. Rodono, Publ. Oss. Astrofis. Catania Astrophysical Observatory, p. 185, 1989. 

8.  "ClarkLake Radio Observations of Coronal Mass Ejections", N. Gopalswamy, in Proc. I.A.U. Symposium #142: Basic Plasma Processes on the Sun, 1989. 

9. "Some Problems in Low Frequency Solar Radio Physics", N. Gopalswamy and M.R. Kundu, in 'Low Frequency Astrophysics from Space', N. E. Kassim and K.W. Weiler (eds), Lecture Notes in Physics Series, Springer Verlag, New York, 1990, pp 97 - 101. 

10. "Association of a Type IV burst with a Slow CME", N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu, in Proc. of Max' 91 Workshop #3, 'Max'91/SMM Solar Flares: Observations and Theory', R. M. Winglee and A. L. Kiplinger (eds), p. 139, 1991 

11. "Large Scale Structures Associated with eruptive Flares and Radio Waves", N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu,  in 'Eruptive Solar Flares', Z. Svestka, B. V. Jackson and M. E. Machado (eds), Lecture Notes in Physics  Series 399, Springer Verlag, New York, p. 207, 1992. 

12. "Meter-Decameter Radio Emissions associated with a CME and a  Disappearing Filament", M. R. Kundu and N. Gopalswamy,  in 'Eruptive Solar Flares', Z. Svestka, B. V. Jackson and M. E. Machado (eds), Lecture Notes in Physics Series 399, Springer Verlag, New York, p. 268, 1992. 

13. "Are Coronal Shocks Piston Driven?",  N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings # 264: Particle Acceleration in Cosmic Plasmas, G. P. Zank and T. K. Gaisser (eds),  American Institute of Physics, New York, p. 257, 1992. 

14. "Interferometry of Solar Flares at 3 mm wavelength", M. R. Kundu, S. M. White, N. Gopalswamy and J. Lim,  presented at the IAU Symposium #154  on Infrared Solar Physics, March 2--6, Tucson, Arizona, 1992. 

15. "Models of Coronal Streamers at Meter Decameter Wavelengths", E. J. Schmahl, N. Gopalswamy and M. R. Kundu, in Coronal streamers, Coronal Loops, and Coronal and Solar wind Composition, Proc. of the First SOHO Workshop, Annapolis, August 1992, ESA Publications (SP-348), Noordwijk, p. 145. 

16. "Observations of Stationary Radio Sources: Coronal Polar Plumes?", N. Gopalswamy, E. J. Schmahl and M. R. Kundu, in Coronal streamers, Coronal Loops, and Coronal and Solar wind Composition, Proc. of the First SOHO Workshop, Annapolis, August 1992, ESA Publications (SP-348), Noordwijk, p. 113. 

17. "A study of Active Region Magnetic Field Structure using Radio, X-ray and Optical Observations", N. Gopalswamy in Solar Active Region Evolution: Comparing Models with Observations, (ed) K. S. Balasubramaniam and G. W. Simon, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1994, p. 395 

18. "Study of Active Region Magnetic Field Structure Using VLA-Radio, YOHKOH- X-ray and Mees- Optical Observations", N. Gopalswamy, E. J. Schmahl, M. R. Kundu, J. R. Lemen, K. T. Strong, R. C. Canfield and J. de La Beaujardiere, Proc. of the Kofu Symposium: New Look at the Sun with Emphasis on Advanced Observations of Coronal Dynamics and Flares. (ed) S. Enome and T. Hirayama, Nobeyama radio ObservatoryJapan, 1994 (NRO report No. 360), p. 347. 

19. "VLA Observations of a Solar active region at 6.2 and 3.5 cm wavelength Compared with Model Calculations",  J. Hildebrandt, A. Kruger, N. Gopalswamy, J.-P. Raulin, and M. R. Kundu, Proc. of Radio Emission from the  Stars and the Sun, A. R. Taylor and J. W. Paredes, ASP Conf series 93, p.369,  1996. 

20. "A Study of Active Region Magnetic Field Structure using VLA-Radio, Yohkoh X-ray and Mees-Optical Observations", N. Gopalswamy, Supplement  to J. Astrophys. Astron. 16, 381, 1995. 

21. "Coronal Disconnection Events and Metric Radio Emission", N. Gopalswamy, Proc. IAU Colloquium on "Coronal and Interplanetary Transients", (Eds. S. Ananthakrishnan and A. P. Rao),  Astrophysics and Space Sci., 243, 129, 1996 

22. "Three Part Structure of a CME Revealed by X-ray and Microwave Observations", N. Gopalswamy, M. R. Kundu,  A. Lara, Y. Hanaoka, S. Enome, J. R. Lemen, M. Akioka, in the Proceedings of Yohkoh Conference on "Observations of Magnetic Reconnection in the Solar Atmosphere", ed: R. D. Bentley and J. T. Mariska, ASP conf series vol. 111, p. 373, 1996. 

23. ``A Multi-Wavelength Analysis of the February 6/7, 1997 Coronal Mass Ejection'', Plunkett, S.P., Gopalswamy, N., Kundu, M.R., Howard, R.A., Thompson, B.J., Gurman, J.B., Lepping, R.P., Hudson, H.S., Nitta, N., Hanaoka, Y., Kosugi, T., Burkepile, J.T.: 1997, ESA SP-404, (Proc. of the Fifth SOHO Workshop), p.  615. 

24. "Multiwavelength Observations of a Coronal Hole", N. Gopalswamy, C. E. DeForest, B. Bromage, and G. Del Zanna, in the Proc. 18th National Solar Observatory/Sacramento Peak Workshop, (eds.) K. S. Balasubramaniam, J. W. Harvey and D. M. Rabin, p. 363, 1998. 

25. "Comparison of Microwave and SOHO Synoptic Maps of the Sun During the Whole Sun Month, 1996," N. Gopalswamy, B. J. Thompson, and K. Shibasaki, in the Proc. 18th National Solar Observatory/Sacramento Peak Workshop, (eds.) K. S. Balasubramaniam, J. W. Harvey and D. M. Rabin, p. 401, 1998. 

26. "Dynamical Phenomena Associated with a Coronal Mass Ejection," N. Gopalswamy, M. L. Kaiser, R. J. MacDowall, M. J. Reiner, B. J. Thompson, O. C. St. Cyr,  in Solar Wind Nine, AIP Conference  Proceedings 471, eds. S. Habbal et al., 1999, p.  641. 

27. "Radio and X-ray Investigations of Erupting Prominences (Review),"  N. Gopalswamy, Y. Hanaoka, and J. R. Lemen, in New Perspectives on Solar Prominences, proceedings of a meeting held in Aussois, France (ASP Conference Series, Vol. 150, IAU Colloquium 167), Edited by David F. Webb, Brigitte Schmieder, and David M. Rust, 1998, p. 358. 

28. "Is the Chromosphere Hotter in Coronal Holes?"  N. Gopalswamy, K. Shibasaki, B. J. Thompson, J. B. Gurman, C. E. Deforest,  in  Solar Wind Nine, AIP Conference Proceedings 471,  eds. S. Habbal et al.,  1999,  p. 277 

29. "X-ray and Microwave signatures of coronal mass ejections," N. Gopalswamy, in 'Solar Physics with Radio Observations', ed. T. Bastian, N. Gopalswamy and K. Shibasaki, 1999, 141. 

30. Multi-wavelength Signatures of a Coronal Mass Ejection," N. Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro, M. L. Kaiser and B. J. Thompson, and S. Plunkett, in 'Solar Physics with Radio Observations', ed. T. Bastian, N. Gopalswamy and  K. Shibasaki, 1999, p. 207. 

31.  "The Astronomical Low Frequency Array (ALFA): Imaging from Space,"  N. Gopalswamy, M. L. Kaiser, D. L. Jones and the ALFA team, in 'Solar Physics with Radio Observations', ed. T. Bastian, N. Gopalswamy and  K. Shibasaki, 1999, 447.

32.  "17 GHz Mode Coupling in the Solar Corona," A. Lara, A.; Gopalswamy, N.; Pérez-Enríquez, R. and  Shibasaki, K.,  in 'Solar Physics with  Radio Observations', ed. T. Bastian, N. Gopalswamy and  K. Shibasaki, 1999. 

33. "Type II solar Radio Bursts (A tutorial Review)," N. Gopalswamy, AGU monograph  - Chapman Conference on Space-Based Radio Observations at Long Wavelengths, AGU Monograph 119, American Geophysical Union, 2000, p. 123. 

34. "The correspondence of EUV and white light observations of Coronal Mass Ejections with SOHO EIT and LASCO," B. J. Thompson, O. C. St Cyr, S. P.  Plunkett, J. B. Gurman, N. Gopalswamy, H. Hudson, R. A. Howard, D. J. Michels and J.-P. Delaboudiniere, in Sun-Earth Plasma Connections,  Geophysical Monograph 109 (AGU, Washington DC), p. 31, 1999 

35. "Shock wave and EUV transient during a flare," N. Gopalswamy, M. L. Kaiser, J. Sato and M. Pick, in High Energy Solar Physics, Ed. R. Ramaty and N. Mandzhavidze, PASP Conf Ser., vol. 206, 2000,  p. 355. 

36. "Time Evolution of Microwave and Hard X-ray Spectral Indices", A. Lara and  N. Gopalswamy, in High Energy Solar Physics, Ed. R. Ramaty and N.  Mandzhavidze,  PASP  Conf Ser., vol. 206, 2000, p. 355. 

37. "The Astronomical Low Frequency Array: A Proposed Explorer Mission for Radio  Astronomy," D. Jones, R. Allen, J. Basart, T. Bastian, W. Blume, J.­L. Bougeret,  B. Dennison, M. Desch, K. Dwarakanath, W. Erickson, D. Finley, N. Gopalswamy, R.  Howard, M. Kaiser, N. Kassim, T. Kuiper, R. MacDowall, M. Mahoney, R. Perley, R.  Preston, M. Reiner, P. Rodriguez, R. Stone, S. Unwin, K. Weiler, G. Woan, and R.  Woo,   AGU monograph 119 - Chapman Conference on Space-Based Radio Observations  at Long Wavelengths, Robert G. Stone, Kurt W. Weiler, Melvyn L. Goldstein, and  Jean-Louis Bougeret, Editors, 2000, p. 339. 

38. "Space VLBI at Low Frequencies," Jones, D. L.; Allen, R.; Basart, J.;  Bastian, T.; Blume, W.; Bougeret, J.-L.; Dennison, B.; Desch, M.; Dwarakanath,  K.; Erickson, W.; Farrell, W.; Finley, D.; Gopalswamy, N.; Howard, R.; Kaiser,  M.; Kassim, N.; Kuiper, T.; MacDowall, R.; Mahoney, M.; Perley, R.; Preston, R.;  Reiner, M.; Rodriguez, P.; Stone, R.; Unwin, S.; Weiler, K.; Woan, G.; Woo, R.,  Astrophysical Phenomena Revealed by Space VLBI, Proceedings of the VSOP  Symposium, held at the Institute of Space and astronautical Science, Sagamihara,  Kanagawa, Japan, January 19 - 21, 2000, Eds.: H. Hirabayashi, P.G. Edwards, and  D.W. Murphy, Published by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, p.  265-268, 2000. 

39. "Coronal Mass Ejections and Their Geospace Consequences," N. Gopalswamy,   in Probing the Sun with high resolution, ed. S. C. Tripathy, and P. Venkatakrishnan,  Narosa Publishing House,  New Delhi, p. 129,    2002. 

40.   "Space Weather Study Using Combined Coronagraphic and in situ Observations" N. Gopalswamy,  in  Space Weather Study Using Multipoint Techniques, Proceedings of the COSPAR Colloquium held in Pacific Green  Bay, Wanli, Taipei, Taiwan, 27-29 September, 2000. Edited by Ling-Hsiao Lyu. Pergamon Press, p.39, 2002.

41. "Relation Between CMEs and ICMEs",   Gopalswamy, N.,  in Solar-terrestrial Magnetic Activity   and Space Environment, COSPAR Colloquia Series, Vol. 14, edited by H. N. Wang and R. L. Xu, p.  157, 2002 

42. "Statistical Properties of Radio-rich Coronal Mass Ejections,"  N.  Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro, G. Michalek, M. L. Kaiser and R. A. Howard,  in Solar-terrestrial Magnetic  Activity and Space Environment, COSPAR Colloquia Series, Vol. 14, edited by H. N. Wang and R.  L. Xu, p. 173, 2002 

43. "Arrival time of coronal mass ejections",  G. Michalek,  N. Gopalswamy,  and E. Chane, The 10th European Solar Physics Meeting, September 2002, Prague, Czech Republic. Ed. A. Wilson. ESA SP-506, Vol. 1. p. 177, 2002

44. "A new possibility to estimate the width, source location and velocity of halo CMEs", G. Michalek,  N. Gopalswamy,  and S. Yashiro, Proceedings of the SOHO 11 Symposium  on From Solar Min to Max: Half a Solar Cycle with SOHO, Davos, Switzerland, Edited by A. Wilson, ESA SP-508,  p.453, 2002.

45. "Estimation of projection effect of CMEs from the onset time of shock-associated type III radio burst", G. Michalek,  N. Gopalswamy, M. J. Reiner, S. Yashiro,  M. L. Kaiser, and R. A.  Howard, Estimation of projection effect of CMEs from the onset time of  shock-associated type III radio burst,  in Proc. of the SOHO 11 Symposium  on From Solar Min to Max: Half a Solar Cycle with SOHO, 11-15 March 2002, Davos,  Switzerland. Edited by A. Wilson, ESA SP-508, Noordwijk: ESA p. 449, 2002.

46. "MHD modelling of CME and CME interactions in a bi-modal solar wind: a preliminary analysis of the 20  January 2001 two CMEs interaction event",  S. T. Wu,  A. H. Wang, and N. Gopalswamy,  MHD modelling of CME and CME  interactions in a bi-modal solar wind: a preliminary analysis of the 20 January 2001 two CMEs interaction event", in SOLMAG 2002. Proceedings of the Magnetic  Coupling of the Solar Atmosphere Euroconference and IAU Colloquium 188, 11 - 15  June 2002, Santorini, Greece. Ed. H. Sawaya-Lacoste.  ESA SP-505,  p. 227,  2002. 

47. "Coronal Mass Ejection Activity During Solar Cycle 23", N. Gopalswamy, A. Lara, S. Yashiro, S. Nunes, and R. A. Howard, Proceeding of Solar Variability as an input to the Earth's Environment, ESA-SP,  International Solar Cycle Studies (ISCS) Symposium, 23 - 28
June 2003, Tatranská Lomnica, Slovak Republic. Ed.: A. Wilson. ESA SP-535,  Noordwijk: ESA Publications Division, ISBN 92-9092-845-X, p. 403 - 414, 2003.

48. "Coronal and Interplanetary Environment of Large Solar Energetic Particle Events",  N. Gopalswamy,  S. Yashiro, G. Stenborg, and R. A. Howard, Proceeding of 28th International Cosmic Ray Conference, p. 3549, 2003 

49. "Effect of CME Interactions on the Production of Solar Energetic Particles", N. Gopalswamy, S. Yashiro, G. Michalek, M. L. Kaiser, R. A. Howard, R. Leske, T. von Rosenvinge, and D. V. Reames, Solar Wind X, ed. M. Velli, AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 679, pp.
608-611, 2003.

50.  Variations of magnetic clouds and  CMEs with solar activity cycle, C. C. Wu, R. P. Lepping, and N. Gopalswamy, In: Solar variability as an input to the Earth's  environment. International Solar Cycle Studies (ISCS) Symposium, 23 - 28 June  2003, Tatranská Lomnica, Slovak Republic. Ed.: A. Wilson. ESA SP-535, Noordwijk:  ESA Publications Division, ISBN 92-9092-845-X, p. 429 - 432, 2003.

51. Dynamics of coronal mass  ejections in the near-Sun interplanetary space, Vrsnak, B., D. Ruzdjak, D. Sudar, and N. Gopalswamy,  In: Solar variability as an input  to the Earth's environment. International Solar Cycle Studies (ISCS) Symposium,  23 - 28 June 2003, Tatranská Lomnica, Slovak Republic. Ed.: A. Wilson. ESA  SP-535, Noordwijk: ESA Publications Division, ISBN 92-9092-845-X, p. 517 - 520,  2003.  

52. A Numerical Study  on the Evolution of CMEs and Shocks in the Interplanetary Medium, González-Esparza, J. A., A. Lara, A. Santillán, N. Gopalswamy, SOLAR WIND TEN:  Proceedings of the Tenth International Solar Wind Conference. AIP Conference  Proceedings, Volume 679, pp. 206-209, 2003.

53. "Interplanetary Radio Bursts", N. Gopalswamy, in  Solar and Space Weather  Radiophysics  edited by D. E. Gary and C. O. Keller, Kluwer ASSL Volume, in  press, 2004.

54. A Global Picture of CMEs in the Inner Heliosphere, N. Gopalswamy, in ASSL series, ed. G. Poletto and S. Suess, Kluwer,  in press, 2004.

55. Association of Coronal Mass Ejections and Type II Radio Bursts with Impulsive Solar Energetic Particle Events, S. Yashiro,  N. Gopalswamy, E. W. Cliver, D. V. Reames, M. L. Kaiser, and R. A. Howard, ASP Conference Series, in press, 2004.

56. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Analysis of January 20, 2001 CME-CME Interaction Event, A. H. Wang,  S. T. Wu, and N. Gopalswamy, Astrophysical Particle  Acceleration in Geospace and Beyond, AGU Geophysical Monograph series, in press,  2004.

revised 09/08/2004